It goes without saying that model railroads are not the same size as the real thing. Model train layouts are scaled down replicas of their real world counterparts. As a handy reference here is a list of the main scales from largest to the smallest: O scale is 1:48, OO scale is 1:76, HO scale is 1:87, N scale is 1:160, Z scale is 1:220.

When getting started in the hobby, do not get put off by all the different train scales on offer. It is really very simple. When deciding what to purchase, just keep in mind that O scale, HO scale and N scale are the most common scales in use. Of those, HO is the most widely used scale and is roughly the same scale as the popular OO gauge in the UK.

Before getting started building a model layout, think carefully about which scale would best suit your needs and then stick with that scale for your first project.

One of the worst mistakes is to get started building your railroad layout and then decide to change train scales. Apart from the obvious operational problems, everything will look out of proportion and you will end up wasting a lot of money.

Choose your scale BEFORE you spend any money on anything. Much will depend on the space you have available – now and in the future.

Each model train scale has its own unique advantages. If you want the scenery to dominate the trains, or if you have only very limited space, look closely at N scale. HO scale (OO gauge in the UK is similar) is the most common choice explaining why hobby shops usually have a wider range of locomotives, cars, and accessories. The minimum radius for an HO scale curve is 18″, meaning a complete loop of track can fit on a standard 4 x 8-foot sheet of plywood.

And, if you have plenty of space and want your trains to really be the stars of the show, you could consider O scale layout.